Concept

Elation — where it appears

A projectivity of the plane whose line of fixed points contains its own centre, so nothing off that line is fixed and there is no characteristic ratio.

Named by 3 essays across 2 fields — each of them below, with the objects they name alongside it.

ground line — right from anywherefaint: intended · solid: seendeparture (mm) against height (m)01.38the error map is an elation, with the ground line as its axisno characteristic ratio — nothing off the axis is fixed250 mm sidewayszero on the axis, 212.5 mm at the top

Where the anamorph still works

A picture correct from one point raises an obvious question that nobody answers with a number — how far may the eye move. The answer here is exact rather than approximate: a wrong viewpoint composes the intended picture with a central collineation whose axis is the line the picture stands on, so the error is zero along that line and grows linearly upward, and a step sideways costs precisely as much as the same step upward.

viewing · anamorphreach
centrefaint dots: before · solid: afterhomologyratio 2.4000

What a flat map leaves alone

A projectivity of the plane is eight numbers in a matrix, and reading them tells a reader nothing. What it does is decided by its fixed points, and there are exactly three cases: three isolated fixed points, or a whole line of them with one point off it, or a whole line of them with the point fallen onto it. The middle case has five numbers instead of eight and every point slides along a line, and it is what most of the maps this site builds turn out to be.

foundations · fixedstructure
constructionfixed structurea shadow, ground to floorhomology · ratio 0.6719a floor anamorphhomology · ratio -1.4815a mirror in a vertical planehomology · ratio -1.0000a rectificationgeneral · three fixed points3 of 4 are centrala line of fixed points is what they share

Three constructions, one map

A shadow cast on a floor, an anamorph painted on one, and a reflection in a mirror were built in three different fields of this site, three phases apart, each with its own derivation and its own figure. Decomposed into their fixed points and lines, three of them are the same kind of map — a central collineation with a line of fixed points — and the fourth, a rectification, is not. That difference separates changing where a picture is seen from, from changing one picture into another.

foundations · centralmaps

Named alongside it

The objects these essays reach for when they reach for this one.

Central collineationCharacteristic ratioCollineationDemonstrationFixed pointPlanar homologyProjective mapAnamorphosisHomographyAffine mapConditioningDegeneracy

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